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Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	xi
List of figures	xv
List of abbreviations	xvii
Introduction: a tale of two histories	1
A quarrel	2
Littérature	16
Methodologies	19
Outline	29
1. Querelles littéraires: disputes about literature and learning in early modern France	33
Bonæ literæ	34
Inside and outside the collèges	40
Belles-lettres	44
Legitimising French	48
Literary manuals	52
Collège critics	58

2. The perfect storm: prequels and pré-querelles to the Querelle des collèges	65
‘Collège’ and ‘École militaire’	67
Jesuits	72
Rousseau and the collèges	78
Emile’s first books	80
Littérature for Emile	85
Lost (and found) in battle	90

3. The Querelle on the page: part one	93
Setting the agenda	95
Teacher training	103
Latin versus French	106
A paradoxical querelleur	110
Five minutes’ peace	115
Resurrecting D’Alembert	119

4. The Querelle on the page: part two	125
Fringe benefits	125
Revisiting Rousseau	134
An ancient versus moderns	139
Enemies and allies	145
An end in sight?	150

5. A literary offensive	157
Early years	159
Literary incursions	161
A new school	164
Revolution	167
Quarrels in the library	171
Batteux’s littérature	175
Great literature, great men	181

6. The emergence of littérature	191
Littérature and the collèges: past, present, future	193
The Querelle in the Lycée	198
Normalising littérature	206
Reactions to De la littérature	212
Back to belles-lettres	217
The re-emergence of littérature	220

Conclusion	225

Corpus of the Querelle des collèges	235

Alphabetical list of actors in the Querelle des collèges	251

Appendices	255
Constituting the corpus, database, and network visualisations	255
Graphs based on Google Books’s NGram data	264
Contents of Xaupi’s volume (Bibliothèque nationale de France)	270
‘Catalogue des livres de la Bibliothèque de l’hotel de l’Ecole royale militaire, du 1er décembre 1765 au 1er mars 1776 – poetes françois et traductions’	271
‘Catalogue des livres de lecture à l’usage de Mrs. les élèves, qui se sont trouvé exister au dépôt de la bibliothèque le 10 mars 1776’	273

Bibliography Index	277 321

Prefatory Material

Notes

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Introduction: a tale of two histories

1

1. Querelles littéraires: disputes about literature and learning in early modern France

33

2. The perfect storm: prequels and pré-querelles to the Querelle des collèges

65

3. The Querelle on the page: part one

93

4. The Querelle on the page: part two

125

5. A literary offensive

157

6. The emergence of littérature

191

Conclusion

225

Appendices

255

Bibliography

Index

277

321

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